Let's see if I can help:
- First you want to assign a texture to a shader. To grab a shader, either open the
Multilister or
Hypershade.
- Double-click the shader, the
Attribute Editor opens. There, in front of color there is a checker; that's a button for the slot; click it.
- There in 2d textures Click on
File. This is the node wich will hold the texture. Load the texture

- then go back to view pane and press 6 to activate texturing on objects. If your object looks grayed then it has no UVs.
UVs are a matter on how to project an image onto a mesh.
- Select your object then in Create UVs menu try different kinds of projection. From there, even partially, your object should be textured.
- Then, as Dougal said, open UVTextureEditor, and select your mesh. The texture should appear in the background, and the arrangement of your object's UVs on top of that. From now, you'll be editig the UVs in that window while watching the result in viewpanes.
Report any difficult step !